Chemistry Journal of Moldova

2014 Volume 9, no.1

Author(s):

Veaceslav Boldescu, Fliur Macaev, Gheorghe Duca


Field: Organic chemistry
Type: Review
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 8-13
Keywords: cyclodextrin, nano-encapsulation, tuberculosis, mycobecteria, cholesterol
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).01

Graphical Abstract:
 This paper is dedicated to the role of cyclodextrins in new formulations for the treatment of infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are in the process of design and development. Cyclodextrins play the role of solubilizing agents and promoters of the antimycobacterial substances penetration inside the mycobacterial cell.


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Author(s):

Madalina Zanoaga, Fulga Tanasa


Field: Organic chemistry
Type: Review
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 14-32
Keywords: antimicrobial agents, structure, fibers, medical textiles
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).02

Graphical Abstract: 
This article offers an overview of some contemporary antimicrobial (biocides and biostatics) agents used as functional finishing for textiles intended for biomedical applications. It reviews only synthetic agents, namely quaternary ammonium compounds, halogenated phenols, polybiguanides, N-halamines, and renewable peroxides, as a part of an extensive study currently in progress. 



Downloads: 58

Author(s):

Viktor Mukhin, Tudor Lupascu, Nadejda Voropaeva, Yuriy Spiridonov, Nicolay Bogdanovich, Vasiliy Gur’janov


Field: Ecological chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 33-36
Keywords: active carbon, vegetal raw byproducts, structural parameters, soil detoxification, water purification
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DOI: dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).03

Graphical Abstract:
Technologies for active carbons obtaining from vegetable byproducts such as straw, nut shells, fruit stones, sawdust, hydrolysis products of corn cobs and sunflower husks have been developed. The physico-chemical characteristics, structural parameters and sorption characteristics of obtained active carbons were determined. The ability of carbonaceous adsorbents for detoxification of soil against pesticides, purification of surface waters and for removal of organic pollutants from wastewaters has been evaluated. The obtained results reveal the effectiveness of their use in a number of environmental technologies.


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Author(s):

Nikolay Kornilov, Elena Kornilova, Elena Stepanenko


Field: Ecological chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 37-41
Keywords: minerals water, blood, modeling, classification
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).04

Graphical Abstract:
 In the article the results of comparative analysis of the composition of the Eurasian hydromineral resources and the assessment of their impact on the physiological condition of a human organism according to biochemical studies of venous blood are presented. Processing of initial data on the composition and properties of mineral waters chloride-hydrocarbonate, sulphate- hydrocarbonate and chloride-sulphate types and venous blood are made using the method of mathematical modeling, developed by the authors of this article. It is shown that in the balneological impact of hydromineral resources on the body in the blood increases the hemoglobin and oxygen, decreases glucose, and acid-base pH shifted to high alkalinity.


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Author(s):

Carmen Zaharia


Field: Ecological chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 42-52
Keywords: agricultural activity, nutrient quality indicators, global pollution index, real pollution status, Siret River, Suceava County area
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).05

Graphical Abstract:
 The study presents data concerning the water pollution status of Siret hydrographical basin (i.e. surface and ground waters, lakes) in Suceava County area (different controlling/monitoring sections) due to agricultural productive activities, especially regarding some quality indicators (nitrogen-based nutrient concentrations) evaluated for 2008. These data are recommending the necessity of continuous monitoring of water quality in the Siret River hydrographical basin, in all existing control sections, for identification of any pollution episodes, non-reported by polluters to the local environmental regulators.


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Author(s):

Laura Bulgariu, Igor Cretescu, Dumitru Bulgariu, Matei Macoveanu


Field: Ecological chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 53-58
Keywords: heavy metals, oils products, low-cost natural materials, peat moss, wastewater treatment
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).06

Graphical Abstract: 
In this paper, are presented the adsorptive characteristics of a low-cost material that are abundant in our region, namely: Romanian peat moss from Poiana Stampei (Romania), for the removal of different toxic heavy metal ions (Pb(II), Hg(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)) and oil products from aqueous media. The experiments have concerned the influence of several experimental parameters (initial solution pH, adsorbent dose, initial heavy metals concentration, contact time, and temperature) on the heavy metals and oil products removal efficiency. The most important conditions for desorption of heavy metal ions from loaded-materials, required for their regeneration are also presented.


Downloads: 50

Author(s):

Mohammad Osama, Felicia Armstrong, Peter Norris, Habiba Tahira Hussain


Field: Ecological chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 59-73
Keywords: ergosterol, cholesterol, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), sediments, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ergosterol extraction method
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DOI: 
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).07


Graphical Abstract:
 
Pleurotus ostreatus, a white rot fungus, is capable of bioremediating a wide range of organic contaminants including Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Ergosterol is produced by living fungal biomass and used as a measure of fungal biomass. The first part of this work deals with the extraction and quantification of PAHs from contaminated sediments by Lipid Extraction Method. The second part consists of the development of a novel extraction method (Ergosterol Extraction Method), quantification and bioremediation.


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Author(s):

Carmen Zaharia, Victoria Fedorcea, Adrian Beda, Victor Amarandei, Augustin Muresan


Field: Industrial chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 74-79
Keywords: decoloration, Fenton reagent, homogenous advanced oxidation process, optimal operating parameter, Remazol Rosso RB dye, textile effluent treatment
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).08

Graphical Abstract:
 The paper presents some data from our laboratory-setup experiments of homogenous oxidative processes with hydrogen peroxide (i.e. advanced Fenton oxidation processes) applied for Remazol Rosso RB dye-containing aqueous systems, especially textile effluents. Therefore, some different operating parameters (including pH, concentration of dye, H2O2 and ferrous ions, oxidation time, temperature, stirring regime, among its) were tested for determination of the best performance in effluent decoloration and dye removal, meaning the optimal values of each studied parameters for highest decoloration or dye removal.


Downloads: 37

Author(s):

Lala Jabbarova, Islam Mustafaev, Rauf Rzayev, Zarqalam Nabizade, Navoi Ibadov, Saida Akhmedbekova


Field: Industrial chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 80-84
Keywords: oil–bitumen rock, synthetic oil, oxygen, hydrocarbon gases, radiation
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).09

Graphical Abstract:
 The results of research in the radiation processing of synthetic oil derived from oil–bitumen rock of the Balakhany deposit in Azerbaijan are presented. The study has been conducted on a 60Co gamma-source at a dose rate of P = 0.5 Gy/s and various absorbed doses of D = 43–216 kGy. Samples of synthetic oil from natural bitumen rocks have been analyzed by chromatography, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and IR-spectroscopy, and their radiation resistance has been evaluated. The results of the study allow for both assessment of the feasibility of manufacturing petrochemicals for various applications by radiation processing and use of these materials for isolating radioactive sources to preclude their impact on the environment.


Downloads: 30

Author(s):

Maria Gonta, Gheorghe Duca, Vera Matveevici, Larisa Mocanu


Field: Industrial chemistry
Type: Research paper
Issue: 2014 Volume 9, no.1
Pages: 85-92
Keywords: disperses dye, anionic surfactant, textile wastewater, chemical and electrochemical oxidation, adsorption, TiO2, ZrO2
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DOI:
dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2014.09(1).10

Graphical Abstract: 
Advanced oxidation methods of organic compounds lead to their partial mineralization and increase of the adsorption process efficiency on the surface of oxidized activated carbon. We have studied the oxidation process using model solutions containing mixture of dye direct brown (DB), ethylene glycol (EGL) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) under the action of Fenton reagent, in the presence and absence of UV irradiation or under the action of electric current (in the electrochemical cell). The same studies were performed by replacing the iron (II) ion with titanium dioxide.


Downloads: 42